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Calculate some values for some even and odd functions with given properties

Let f be an odd function, integrable everywhere, with

    \[ f(5) = 7, \qquad f(0) = 0. \]

Let g be an even function, integrable everywhere, with

    \[ g(x) = f(x+5), \qquad f(x) = \int_0^x g(t) \, dt \qquad \text{for all } x. \]

Prove the following:

  1. f(x-5) = - g(x) for all x;
  2. \displaystyle{\int_0^5 f(t) \, dt = 7;
  3. \displaystyle{\int_0^x f(t) \, dt = g(0) - g(x).

  1. Proof. We compute using the given properties,

        \begin{align*}  f(x+5) = g(x) && \implies && g(-x) &= f(-x + 5) \\  && \implies && -g(x) &= f(x-5) & (g \text{ is odd}, f \text{ is even}). \ \blacksquare \end{align*}

  2. Again, we compute using the given properties of f and g,

        \begin{align*}  \int_0^5 f(t) \, dt &= \int_0^5 g(t-5) \, dt \\  &= \int_{-5}^0 g(t) \, dt & (\text{Translation})\\  &= \int_5^0 g(-t) \, dt \\  &= - \int_0^5 g(-t) \, dt \\  &= \int_0^5 g(t) \, dt & (g \text{ is odd}) \\  &= f(5) = 7. \qquad \blacksquare \end{align*}

  3. Finally,

        \begin{align*}  \int_0^x f(t) \, dt &= \int_0^x g(t-5) \, dt \\  &= \int_{-5}^{x-5} g(t) \, dt \\  &= \int_{-5}^0 g(t) \, dt  + \int_0^{x-5} g(t) \, dt\\   &= f(5) + f(x-5) \\  &= g(0) - g(x). \qquad \blacksquare \end{align*}

5 comments

  1. AudioRebel says:

    a) g(x) = f(x + 5) => given
    g(-x) = f(-x + 5) =>
    g(x) = f( – [x – 5] ) => g(x) is even
    g(x) = -f(x – 5) => f(x) is odd
    -g(x) = f(x – 5)

      • Mihajlo says:

        Solutions here a) and b) are wrong, because he used that g is odd (and not even, as is asked in the book).

        But the correct proofs are very similar to what he did, you just need to use integral properties in a) as well.

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