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There is no real number that is the square root of -1

Prove that x^2+1 = 0 has no solution x \in \mathbb{R}.


Proof. From Theorem I.20 we know that if x \neq 0, then x^2 > 0. From Theorem I.21 we know 1 > 0. Thus, if x \neq 0, then x^2 + 1 > 0. On the other hand, if x = 0, then x^2+1=1 > 0. Hence, there is no x \in \mathbb{R} such that x^2 + 1 = 0. \qquad \blacksquare

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